1. Umahluko wendalo wemozulu yexesha lonyaka

2. ukuhluka kobushushu bobusuku

Umahluko weqondo lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku ngexesha lentwasahlobo kunye nekwindla likhulu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukulungelelanisa rhoqo izixhobo zokufudumeza kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya ukuze unciphise ngokufanelekileyo ukuhluka kweqondo lokushisa endlwini. Awona manqanaba amane acacileyo: 7:00 am ukuya 11:00 am, inqanaba lokufudumeza, umoya wokungenisa umoya kufuneka unyuswe ngokuthe chu, uthintele inyathelo elinye ukuze uthintele iinkukhu ekubeni zibanda. PM 13:00 — 17:00, iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, nikela ingqalelo kwi-ventilation kunye nokupholisa, qinisekisa ukuba iqela lenkukhu liziva likhululekile, kunye nothuli lwendlu, umoya ongcolileyo kunye nokunye ukukhutshwa. Ukususela ngo-18:00 ukuya ku-23:00 ngokuhlwa, kwinqanaba lokupholisa, umthamo wokungenisa umoya kufuneka uncitshiswe ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye umgangatho womoya endlwini kufuneka uqinisekiswe ngexesha elifanayo. Ukusukela ngo 1:00 am ukuya ku 5:00 am kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi, intermittent periodic ventilation yamkelwa ukuze kuncitshiswe umoya wokungenisa umoya ngokwesiseko sokuqinisekisa umgangatho womoya kunye neoxygen yesiqulatho kwihoko yenkukhu nokuthintela iinkukhu kuxinzelelo lwengqele ngeli xesha.

Abaphathi bokufuya kufuneka bahlengahlengise ukufudumeza kwendlu yenkukhu kunye nokupholisa kwendlu yenkukhu ngokuguquguqukayo ngokomahluko wengingqi kunye nomahluko wonyaka.

3. Cholaubushushu benkukhuumahluko

Oku kubhekiselele kumahluko wobushushu phakathi kobushushu bendlu kunye nokuthuthwa kwamantshontsho amantshontsho phambi kokuba angene endlwini. Iqondo lobushushu lelona lisezantsi limalunga nama-25 degrees celcius. Ngaphambi kokuba iinkukhu zingene endlwini, kucetyiswa ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa ukuya kuma-degrees angama-35 kwiiyure ezi-4 kwangaphambili (iiyure ezi-6 emhlabeni), uze unciphise ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuma-27-30 degrees. Emva kokufika kwinkukhu, beka inkukhu ethe tyaba kumnatha okanye emhlabeni, susa isiciko sebhokisi ukukhusela inkukhu ukuba ishushu, kwaye ulinde ukuba inkukhu ifakwe kwi-cage kwaye ishushu ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwi-33- 35 degrees.

4. Umahluko wobushushu phakathi kweminyaka yobudala

Apha kubandakanya iimpawu ze-physiological yeenkukhu, ngokuqhelekileyo inkukhu eyoyika ukubanda, inkukhu enkulu eyoyika ubushushu. Iintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezingama-21 ubudala, iziko lokulawula ubushushu bomzimba alivakalanga, lingekho kwiimfuno zolawulo lwazo lobushushu, lidityaniswa neli nqanaba lesikhumba esincinci senkukhu, esityebileyo esincinci, ukugqunywa kweentsiba ezimfutshane kuphantsi, ukungakwazi ukugquma. , ukungakwazi ukulungelelanisa nokusingqongileyo, ngoko eli nqanaba liyimfuno engqongqo kakhulu yobushushu. Ukufudumeza kwebhoyila kunye nokuphefumla ngefeni kuyafuneka ukulungisa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bendlu yenkukhu ukuqinisekisa ubushushu obutofotofo bemvakalelo yeqela lenkukhu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba intwasahlobo, ihlobo, ukwindla nobusika, amaxesha onyaka amane kufuneka abe ngolu hlobo.
Emva kweentsuku ezingama-35 ubudala, ngenxa yokugqunywa kweentsiba kunye nobunzima bomzimba omkhulu, i-metabolism yenkukhu inamandla kwaye imveliso yobushushu inkulu kunokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu. Ngoko ke, ngeli nqanaba, iinkukhu zoyika kakhulu ukungena komoya, kwaye inkukhu yenkukhu kufuneka ifakwe umoya, incediswe ngokugcinwa kobushushu. Ngelo xesha, i-coefficient yokupholisa umoya yeenkukhu zeentsuku ezahlukeneyo zobudala ziyahluka, zincinci ngosuku lweminyaka yobudala, i-coefficient yokupholisa umoya inkulu, kunye nokunye. Ngoko ke, ubushushu obujoliswe kubo kunye nomthamo wokuphefumla wendlu yenkukhu kufuneka kumiselwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokweqondo lobushushu bomzimba kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo.

5. Umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwesisu kunye nomqolo

Ikakhulu ibhekiselele kwinkukhu yenkukhu, iimitha zeklinikhi ezininzi zokushisa zijinga ekuphakameni kwenkukhu emva, kwaye inkukhu yeyona nto isengozini, eyona nto yoyika ukubanda yisisu. Imitha yobushushu kunye probe lobushushu, ukuphakama ejingayo yahlukile, umlinganiselo ubushushu indlu yenkukhu yahlukile (iphezulu indawo ejingayo, kokukhona iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu). Ekwindla nasebusika iprobe kufuneka ibekwe 5 cm ngaphantsi komnatha womnatha. Iinkukhu ezivalelweyo kufuneka zikhulise amantshontsho azo kumaleko amabini aphezulu kwaye emva koko ziye kumazantsi emva kokunyibilika. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba i-probe yeqondo lokushisa kufuneka ibekwe kwi-5 cm ngaphantsi komgangatho wesibini. Yintoni ekufuneka igxininiswe apha kukubaluleka kweqondo lokushisa elisezantsi le-incubator cage.