Izinto eziguqukayo kuLwandlekazi emva koNgcoliseko

I Ulwandlekazi lwePasifiki oluNgcolisekileyo

Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi angcolileyo enyukliya aseJapan kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki yinyani engaguqukiyo, kwaye ngokwesicwangciso saseJapan, kufuneka iqhubeke ikhutshwa amashumi eminyaka.Ekuqaleni, olu hlobo lokungcoliswa kwendalo lufanele lugwetywe ngabo bonke abathanda ubomi nendalo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwenani elikhulu lezinto ezinomdla, isayensi kunye nempilo ziphinda zithinjwe ngemali kunye nomdla.

Ngokwesalathiso solwandle olukhoyo kuMntla wePasifiki, amanzi angcolisekileyo enyukliya aya kumka eJapan aze akhukuliseke ngasempuma ecaleni kweKuroshio equkuqela ngasemantla kunxweme olusempuma yeJapan, kunye nokuqukuqela okuqukuqelayo okuya ngasemazantsi ukusuka kwiArctic.Iza kunqumla lonke uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kwaye ifike kufuphi neKhalifoniya, eMelika, ize iye ngasemantla ukuya ngaseKhanada kufutshane nomda ophakathi kweMelika neCanada, ilandelwe yiAlaska, uLwandle iBering, kunye noSingasiqithi weKamchatka waseRashiya.Ekugqibeleni, iSouth Korea (i-tributary) iya kujikeleza ibuyele eJapan;Enye inxalenye, kunye nomsinga osemazantsi weKhalifoniya otyhutyha lonke unxweme olusentshona yeUnited States, ijikela ngasentshona kufuphi ne-ikhweyitha, idlula eHawaii, ePapua New Guinea, eIndonesia, ePalau nakwiiPhilippines.Emva koko, ijikela emantla ize idlule eTaiwan ibuyele eJapan.Eminye imimandla iya kuqukuqela ukuya kuLwandle lwaseMpuma yeTshayina kunye noLwandle lwaseTshayina lwaseMzantsi kufuphi neTaiwan, kwaye inxalenye encinci iya kungena emanzini kufuphi noMzantsi Korea.

Emva kokufunda le ndlela, unokuqonda ukuba kutheni uMongameli waseMzantsi Korea exhasa ngokungenazintloni ukukhutshelwa kwamanzi amdaka enyukliya eJapan, kuba umkhombandlela wokukhutshelwa usiya kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki ngasempuma, hayi uLwandle lwaseJapan ukuya ngasentshona.UMzantsi Korea uya kuba ngowokugqibela kwaye ungcoliseke kancinci.

Abanye abantu bathi i-International Atomic Energy Agency ayitsho ukuba isicwangciso saseJapan sokukhupha amanzi amdaka enyukliya siyahambelana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe?Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokwenyani, i-Arhente yaMandla eAthom yaMazwe ngaMazwe ayinayo imigangatho yokukhutshelwa kwamanzi amdaka enyukliya elwandle, kuphela imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokukhutshelwa kwamanzi amdaka enyukliya elwandle.Kukho umahluko osisiseko phakathi kwezi zimbini.Amanzi amdaka eNyukliya apholiswa ngokulula ngamanzi angaphandle kwesibaso senyukliya seplanti yamandla enyukliya, enenani elikhulu lezixhobo zokwahlula phakathi.Amanzi kunye nesibaso senyukliya azidibananga ngqo okanye azingcoli.Ugutyulo lwenyukliya lwaseTokyo ngamafutha enyukliya athe achanabeka ngokuthe ngqo emanzini, yaye amanzi aqulethe isixa esikhulu sezinto ezingcolisa inyukliya.Oku kuyafana nomahluko phakathi komntu ohamba kufuphi nesikhululo samandla enyukliya nokuhamba kwindawo yebhombu yenyukliya.

II Imizekelo yoNgcoliseko lwaseLwandle eUnited States

Abantu abaninzi bamangaliswa kukuba eyona mimandla ingcolisekileyo ngaphandle kweelwandle ezingqonge iJapan yiUnited States neKhanada, kodwa kubonakala ngathi abayiva inkcaso yabo.Endaweni yoko, intlanganiso eseCamp David e-United States ekupheleni kwale nyanga iya kuvuma ukukhutshwa kwe-Japan.Ukungcoliswa kolwandle ngabantu bekuqhubeka kangangexesha elide, yaye ukuthotywa kwezilangazelelo, imali namandla yimibutho ethile yezizwe ngezizwe neyezizwe ngezizwe iye yayinto eqhelekileyo.Musa ukucinga ukuba iYurophu neMelika zinamalungelo oluntu okwenene nokuba yonke into isekelwe kwizinto ezithandwa ngabantu babo.

Ngo-Epreli ka-2010, iBP e-UK yafumana ugqabhuko-dubulo kwiqonga layo lokomba i-oyile enzulu elwandle kwiGulf of Mexico, okubangele ukusweleka kwe-11 kunye ne-4.9 yezigidi zemiphanda yeoli evuza elwandle.Ukongezelela, i-2 yezigidi zeegaloni ze-agent zokuchithwa kweekhemikhali, ezifana nokuchithwa kwepetroleum kunye ne-2-butoxyethanol, zaye zasetyenziswa emva koko.Ezi arhente zokubola kudala "ziyi-mutagenic" ngokwaneleyo ukunyibilikisa ioyile, igrisi, kunye nerubha, eziluncedo kakhulu ekufunxeni ioyile, kodwa zibi kakhulu kwindalo yonke, Ungcoliseko lwexesha elide lunokudlula olo lweoyile.

Kwiminyaka elandelayo, iziganeko ezingathandekiyo zenzeka, njengoko abalobi kumanzi onxweme lweGulf of Mexico babamba inani elikhulu lezilwanyana eziguqulweyo, kuquka i-shrimp ene-oil tumors entloko, intlanzi kunye ne-shrimp ngaphandle kwamehlo, intlanzi enezilonda ze-exudate, oononkala kunye imingxunya kumaqokobhe abo, oononkala kunye nemfanzi engenazinzipho, kunye nenani elikhulu lezilwanyana ezinoqokobhe oluqinileyo ezimaqokobhe awo aqinileyo ajike abe ngamaqokobhe athambileyo.I-Gulf yaseMexico ibonelela nge-40% yokutya kwaselwandle e-United States, kwaye ngeli xesha, i-50% ye-shrimp ebanjwe yafunyanwa ingenamehlo.Olunye uphando olwenziwa yiYunivesithi yaseMzantsi Florida lufumene ukuba umonakalo wolusu kunye nezilonda kwiintlanzi ngaphambi kokungcoliseka kwendalo enye kuphela kwiwaka, ngelixa emva kongcoliseko lonyuka ngamaxesha angama-50 ukuya kwi-5%.

Noko ke, emva kwesiganeko songcoliseko, ingxelo kawonke-wonke ye-FDA yathi ukutya kwaselwandle kwiGulf of Mexico ngoku kukhuselekile njengangaphambi kwengozi, yaye abantu banokukutya benoxolo lwengqondo.Ukutya kwaselwandle eGulf of Mexico kuye kwavavanywa ngokungqongqo emhlabeni.Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva koko, i-BP Oil Company yabuyisela i-7.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kubahlali be-Gulf abachaphazelekayo kunye nabalobi.Akukho ngxaki, kutheni uhlawula imali engaka?

III Ukwahluka kwizilwanyana zaselwandle

Iimeko ezifanayo zisaqhubeka zisenzeka kulo lonke ihlabathi.Kwi-2014, umzimba we-dolphin oneenyanga ezili-12 wafunyanwa elunxwemeni lwaseTürkiye.Le dolphin ineentloko ezimbini kwaye amehlo ayo akakhulanga ngokupheleleyo.Ngo-2011, abalobi kwiZiqithi zaseFlorida babamba i-shark enentloko ezimbini, efana ne-shark enentloko ezintathu kwiimuvi zenzululwazi.Emva koko, izazi ngebhayoloji zaselwandle kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan zamcanda ukrebe kwaye zangqina ukuba ngukrebe wokwenene.Ngenxa yokuba bobabini ookrebe abaneentloko ezimbini kunye namahlengesi aneentloko ezimbini babelana ngomzimba oqhelekileyo ngeentloko ezimbini eziqhelekileyo, izazinzulu ziyayikhanyela into yokuba olu tshintsho luvela kumawele ahlangeneyo.

NgoNovemba 2016, inqanawa ethwele iitoni ze-5000 zobunjineli ze-whey protein supplements (ngeenjongo zempilo) yadibana nomoya onamandla e-Atlantiki kwaye yalahlekelwa yimpahla yayo eninzi.Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, abalobi baseYurophu babambisa iintlanzi eziguqulweyo kunxweme olusentshona yeFransi, ezinokukhula okuqinileyo kwezihlunu, ngakumbi izihlunu zemihlathi eyomeleleyo.Abanye abalobi baye bafumanisa ukuba iinzipho ezinkulu zoononkala basekuhlaleni nazo zomelele yaye zinamandla kunangaphambili.Iingcali zenzululwazi zibonisa ukuba kunokubangelwa ukulahleka kweprotheyini ye powder, kwaye kwixesha elide, kunokukhokelela ekuhlukeni kwezilwanyana zasemanzini zaseNyakatho ye-Atlantic kunye nokuphuhliswa kwamalungu afana nabantu, kunye nemizimba emikhulu kunye namandla.

Nangona ezi ziganeko zitsale umdla kumajelo eendaba ezentlalo, isithethi soMbutho waseLwandle waqinisekisa uluntu ukuba akukho nto yakuzikhathaza ngayo, Isithethi sathi, “Imithombo yeendaba yezendalo yazibaxa ngobubi iingxelo malunga nezidalwa zaselwandle ezinamandla kakhulu neziphuhlileyo.Yonke imihla, iimpahla zilahlekile elwandle, kodwa izinto eziphilayo ezikufutshane zasemanzini azichaphazeleki.isibini kwisithathu somhlaba lulwandle, kwaye ukuba kukho into engcolisa indawo ethile, zininzi iindawo apho izilwanyana zasendle zinokufudukela kuzo.Ngaphezu koko, kwanokuba iintlanzi ezithile zinokuba yingozi ebantwini, kutheni zisenjenjalo?Akukho nto siyenzileyo ukuze bangonwabi.

Ngaba akwanelanga ngabantu ukungcolisa imekobume ukuze kungenelwe bona ukuze benze ezinye izinto eziphilayo zizive zicekisekile?Ukuba bekukho Godzilla kweli hlabathi, ngaba kusekho isizathu sokwenzakala eluntwini?Andazi nokuba banyabile nyhani na abantu bakula maziko okanye bavalwe yimali.Ndiyakholelwa ukuba bonke abo banezazela nothando baya kukuchasa ukungcoliseka kwendalo kweJapan kunye nokukhutshelwa kwayo ngamanzi amdaka enyukliya kwiPasifiki.Njengoko abanye abahlobo betshilo, ukuba amanzi amdaka enyukliya akhuselekile ngenene, asifuni iinkokeli zaseJapan nezaseMzantsi Korea ukuba ziwasele (mhlawumbi abafuni).Logama nje isetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela amasimi emifuno eJapan nase Mzantsi Korea, yeyona ndlela yokwenyani yokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi amdaka.